Napoleon Hill (October 26, 1883 – November 8, 1970) was an American author and impresario who cribbed freely from the new thought tradition of the previous century to become an early producer of personal-success literature. At the time of Hill’s death in 1970, his best-known work, Think and Grow Rich (1937) had sold 20 million copies. Hill’s works insisted that fervid expectations are essential to increasing one’s income. Most of his books were promoted as expositing principles to achieve “success”. Hill was an advisor to two presidents of the United States of America, Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Delano Roosevelt.